Oxidative stress and iron accumulation are interconnected phenomena linking liver damage with Parkinson’s disease (PD), making them critical therapeutic targets for treating hepatic disorders and mitigating PD symptoms. The present investigation was designed to assess the hepatoprotective capability, antioxidant potential, and iron-suppressing efficacy of 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (2,2Np 1,3TZD 4-CA) in a rotenone-induced hepatotoxicity model of PD in rats. For this purpose, 42 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups and treated with rotenone (2.5mg/kg) or 2,2Np 1,3TZD 4-CA at low (10mg/kg) and high (30mg/kg) doses, administered intraperitoneally once daily for 21 days. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were analyzed to assess liver enzymatic function. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using DPPH activity assays and reactive oxygen species (ROS) markers (SOD, CAT, MDA), while iron accumulation and histopathological changes in liver tissues were also assessed. The results demonstrated that 2,2Np 1,3TZD 4-CA significantly alleviated rotenone-induced elevations in serum ALT levels in a dose-dependent manner and markedly suppressed hepatic iron accumulation. Furthermore, the compound exhibited remarkable free radical scavenging activity, improved oxidative stress markers by increasing SOD and CAT levels while reducing MDA levels, and restored histological integrity in liver tissues damaged by rotenone. These findings highlight the potential of 2,2Np 1,3TZD 4-CA as a promising therapeutic agent for addressing hepatic dysfunction, iron dysregulation, and oxidative stress associated with PD.

To Cite This Article: Kousar S, Perveen S, Kanwal S, Ayaz M, Fatima M and Musaddiq S, 2025. Dual therapeutic potential of 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid via hepatoprotection and iron regulation in rotenone induced sprague dawley male rats. Pak Vet J. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.304