Bovine endometritis is characterized by endometrial inflammation due to bacterial infection, and the endometrial epithelium is the predominant site of bacterial infiltration. YiMu-QingGong San (YMQGS) has been validated for treating bovine endometritis, but the mechanisms regarding the regulation of endometrial epithelial cell inflammation remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the protective effects of YMQGS against inflammatory damage in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEND). BEND was acted on using 10µg/mL of LPS to induce cell damage. Network pharmacology suggested that YMQGS may alleviate endometritis via the TNF, NF-κB pathway, by targeting genes such as TNF, IL-6, and IL-1β. Experimental validation demonstrated that YMQGS suppressed LPS-induced inflammation in BEND cells, with YMQGS-H displaying a potent effect by downregulating IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β mRNA expression by 66.67, 60.93, and 65.83%, respectively. Furthermore, YMQGS reversed LPS-induced oxidative stress and the disruption of the cellular cycle in BEND cells. We also found that LPS activated the TGF-β1 signaling pathway and promoted EMT in BEND cells, while YMQGS-H downregulated TGF-β1 protein expression by 33.93%, effectively rescuing the cells from this injury. Collectively, YMQGS mitigates LPS-induced BEND cell damage by suppressing inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and EMT, thereby providing novel insights into its mechanisms for treating bovine endometritis.

To Cite This Article: Yu Y, Mao N, Liu L, Yu L, Deng X, Lin F, Lu X, Shi X, Wei Y and Wang D, 2026. The protective role of yimu-qinggong san in lipopolysaccharide-induced bovine endometrial epithelial cell injury: involving anti-inflammatory and anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Pak Vet J, 46(4): 853-865. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2026.067