This study was carried out to determine the risk factors and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of selected Medicinal Plants Formulations (MPF) of Nicotiana tabacum, Azadirachta indica, Calotropis procera, and Trachyspermum ammi in comparison to isometamidium hydrochloride (IMH) and diminazene aceturate (DMA) against naturally infected cattle with Trypanosoma evansi. Briefly, blood samples were collected from 500 crossbred cattle followed by examination through direct smear and thick smear. A total of 120 parasite positive cattle were selected and divided into four groups (30 each) treated with IMH 0.5mg/kg IM (Group A), DMA 5.0mg/kg IM (Group B), MPF 200mg/kg OP (Group C), and non-infected non-treated (Group D). Prevalence (%) in 1) malnourished cattle, 2) aged 3+ years in, 3) open housing systems and 4) near dung pile locations was 38, 17, 23 and 19%, respectively, demonstrating higher infection rates. IMH and DMA showed 100% recovery, with significant symptom relief but notable side effects. MPF, though slower in action, achieved 90% recovery with no observed side effects. MPF found a promising, side-effect-free alternative treatment for trypanosomiasis and supports the phytotherapy in veterinary.

To Cite This Article: Zaman MA, Hussain T, Abbas S and Hassan T 2025. Comparative efficacy of medicinal plant formulation, isometamidium hydrochloride, and diminazene aceturate against natural trypanosoma evansi infection in cattle. Pak Vet J. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.230