Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prominent cancers in the world. Adverse drug reactions due to cancer chemotherapy are indeed a significant global problem. Quercus infectoria (QI) is a medicinal plant widely recognized for its extensive therapeutic properties. To effectively assess the anti-tumor potential of QIGE versus CRC, the present study employed an AOM/DSS-induced rat model. Six groups of thirty-six albino rats have been created: Group 1, is considered the control negative (CN), Group 2: rats were given AOM/DSS as the positive control (CP), group 3, 5-Flurouracil treatment was given to the rats, for groups 4, 5, and 6, the crude QIGE was administered to rats at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Rat body weights and the consistency of their feces were measured for DAI scores. Blood samples were analyzed for alterations in hematologic and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9) tumor markers. Immunohistochemical of β-catenin and SATB-2 evaluations were conducted for grades and regression of colonic cancer. The study results revealed that rats in the CP group developed anemia and leukocytosis, accompanied by diarrhea and elevated tumor marker levels significantly (P≤0.5). While 5-FU failed to restore normal blood parameters and fecal consistency, administration of a high dose of the QIG extract significantly (P≤0.5) improved these abnormalities, returning blood parameters and tumor markers to normal levels and restoring healthy fecal consistency. Moreover, it effectively regressed tumor invasion and restored normal patterns of key oncogenic markers; β-catenin and SATB-2. Our outcomes grant critical comprehension into the therapeutic impact of QIGE for CRC management and further reinforce its promising role in clinical applications.

To Cite This Article: Raoof HS, Hassan SMA and Ibrahim SH, 2025. Role of quercus infectoria galls extract in colitis-induced colorectal cancer by aom-dss in albino rats. Pak Vet J. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.283