Nanotechnology has gained considerable attention in diabetic research to enhance therapeutic potential compared to conventional drug therapies. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Tamarindus indica (T. indica) leaf extract and characterized through UV–Vis, FTIR, SEM, EDX and XRD analyses, to confirm size and crystalline structure, the average crystallite size of AgNPs had calculated to be around 15–40 nm. The antioxidant potential of both the T. indica leaf extract and the synthesized AgNPs (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100μg/mL) were evaluated separately using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The antidiabetic efficacy of these nanoparticles evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice, 90 male albino mice were used in this study 10 of them were served as control and 80 as the experimental groups. body weight and Blood glucose level were measured with different time intervals over a period of 21 days. Treatment of mice with high-dose AgNPs (100mg/kg) resulted in marked decrease in blood glucose level and increase in body weight. The findings revealed that AgNPs exhibited significant radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀=53.6 μg/mL) compared to the extract (IC₅₀=82.2 μg/mL) standard. The results indicated upregulation of KCNJ11 and TCF7L2 genes in diabetic mice, which were restored to normal by treatment with AgNPs. Significant restoration noted in hematological parameters with treatment groups. Histological analysis of pancreas further demonstrated tissue regeneration same as in control group. Overall, the green synthesized AgNPs exhibited strong antidiabetic and antioxidant activity in diabetic mice.

To Cite This Article: Iqbal S, Rashid F, Sharif S, Noshair I, Etezaz A, Naz S and Yunus FN, 2025. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Tamarindus indica leaf extract: antioxidant, antidiabetic potential and expression of diabetes associated genes (TCF7L2/KCNJ11) in mice. Pak Vet J. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.306