Contemporary animal production systems routinely employ antimicrobials, which significantly contribute to the selection pressure leading to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a silent pandemic. The global animal-derived food chain along with intricated associated environment is linked with transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and drug residues. Circulation and transmission dynamics of such AMR drivers challenge good health and well-being of humans and animals leading to economic and life losses. The dissemination of resistant pathogens from foods of animal-origin to humans can result in severe clinical consequences limiting antibiotic treatment options as well as causing global trade and economic impacts. The holistic One Health approach can address global health challenge of AMR with innovative research and policy interventions. AMR stewardship, joint action plan, awareness and political commitment can provide evidence-based solutions to achieve sustainability and health resilience. Judicious antimicrobial usage, import and reduced consumption in animal production systems, veterinary practice and implementation of the WHO-FAO-WOAH-UNEP quadripartite guidelines are imperative to curb AMR or superbugs. The review collated data of situation analysis of AMR, antibiotic usage in animal production to treatment, mechanism of drug resistance, economic impact and future global directions to prepare for the silent pandemic of AMR. The One Health joint plan of action (‎2022-2026) framework for AMR has been elaborated in the context of low- and middle-income countries to implement decisive actions at the animal-human-environment triad.

To Cite This Article: Aslam B, Arshad MI and Aljasir SF, 2026. Transmission dynamics of antimicrobial resistance from farm to fork. Pak Vet J, 46(4): 759-767. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2026.075