Obesity is a progressive condition that increases the risk of life-threatening diseases. Herbal medications can provide persistent and long-lasting therapeutic effects in combating obesity without any side effects. Adipose-derived canine mesenchymal stem cells (AD-cMSCs) were harvested from infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) and differentiated into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages, confirmed by Oil Red O and Alizarin Red S staining. The adipogenesis of cMSCs was performed for 7 and 14 days in three treatment groups with variable doses of KRG administered in pre-induction, induction, and post-induction stages of adipogenesis. MTT assay and cell doubling time were performed on days 3, 6, 9, and 12. FACS was performed to analyze the expression of stem cell and adipogenic markers (CD90, CD105, and FABP4), while q-PCR evaluated adipogenic gene expressions (PPARγ and FABP4). G1 and G3 showed the most significant response to KRG treatment at day 14 by effectively inhibiting adipogenesis at significant levels of P<0.001 and P<0.05. As the dose of KRG increased, converted adipocytes exhibited maximal apoptosis and significantly reduced cell viability (P<0.001). PPARγ and FABP4 were substantially downregulated at both day 7 and day 14 in response to elevated KRG doses. Collectively, these findings highlight the potent anti-adipogenic effect of KRG on canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, supporting its potential as an effective therapeutic agent for obesity management. According to our results, the minimum dose of KRG (<5 µg/mL) may be used as an effective treatment for patients with obesity.

To Cite This Article: Saba E, Rashid U, Yousaf A, Riaz A, Sarfraz A, Tareen WAK, Akram AW, Lee YY, din MM, Naheed G, Rhee MH and Sandhu MA 2025. Mechanistic insights into the obesity-alleviating properties of korean red ginseng in canine adipocyte cultures derived from mesenchymal stem cells. Pak Vet J. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.277