PAKISTAN VETERINARY JOURNAL

Pak Vet J, 2026, 46(5) 1313-1323

Tupistra chinensis Polysaccharide Strengthened Immunity in Mice Induced by Cyclophosphamide Via Regulating Microbiota

Qing He¹, Xinru Wang^1,2, Tao Luo^1,^3,4, Hadil Alkathiry⁵,Manal Abduallah Alduwish⁶, Mahmoud M. Abdelwahab⁷, Wentong Liu²*, Huijuan Sun³* and Quzhen Deji⁴*

¹College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; ²School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441000, China; ³Innovation Center for Edible Fungi Resources and Application Technology, Xizang Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China; ⁴Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850009, China; ⁵Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; ⁶Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkarj 11942, Saudi Arabia; ⁷Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia.

*Corresponding author: 11847@hbuas.edu.cn (WL); m18898002012@163.com (HS); quzhen@taaas.org (QD).

Abstract

The effect of Tupistra chinensis polysaccharide on the immunity and microbiota of mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) in mice was investigated. In total, forty ICR mice aged about 4 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10/group) with blank control group (CCAR), immune deficiency model group (MCAR), positive control group (LHAR), and Tupistra chinensis polysaccharide group (PCAR). Mice in the MCAR, LHAR, and PCAR groups received intraperitoneal injections of CTX for 3 consecutive days. Additionally, from the fourth day, 0.2mL of normal saline was given to mice in the CCAR and MCAR groups, while 40mg/kg of levamisole (LH) was administered to mice in the LHAR group daily; likewise, mice in the PCAR group were given 100mg/kg Tupistra chinensis polysaccharide (TCP) every day, for 14 days. Serum biochemistry, H&E staining, and gut microbiome sequencing indicated that TCP significantly alleviated CTX-induced immune dysfunction. Malondialdehyde levels in the TCP-treated group were lower than those in the model group. In contrast, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-10, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase levels were higher in the TCP-treated group compared to the model group. The sequencing data showed that TCP supplementation restored the intestinal microbiome and its function in mice with CTX-induced changes. TCP down-regulated the abundance of noxious microbes, such as Dwaynesavagella, Streptococcus, and Duncaniella, and there was an increase in the beneficial bacteria like Limosilactobacillus and Ligilactobacillus in the gut. It was concluded that TCP has a restorative effect on CTX-induced immune dysfunction in mice by regulating oxidative stress and restoring the intestinal microbiome.

To Cite This Article: He Q, Wang X, Luo T, Alkathiry H,Alduwish MH, Abdelwahab MM, Liu W, Sun H and Deji Q, 2026. Tupistra chinensis polysaccharide strengthened immunity in mice induced by cyclophosphamide via regulating microbiota. Pak Vet J, 46(5): 1313-1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2026.118

Abstract

ISSN 0253-8318 (Print)ISSN 2074-7764 (Online)

ISSN 0253-8318 (Print)
ISSN 2074-7764 (Online)